Ouarzazate: Lighting up the sky
Zineb creates clean energy by working as an engineer at the largest concentrated solar power plant in the world, on the edge of the Sahara Desert. Using sunlight and mirrors, the plant generates energy that can be stored during the day and used at night. By reducing Morocco’s reliance on fossil fuels, the plant is set to reduce carbon emissions by 760,000 tons a year. Zineb’s work helps to provide affordable renewable energy for millions of people.
Concentrated solar power (CSP) is a clean energy source that powers households and businesses day and night. Through a combined investment of nearly $2.5 billion, CIF, the World Bank, African Development Bank, and other partners are supporting development of Morocco’s Noor Ouarzazate Concentrated Solar Power Plant. It is the world’s largest CSP facility—so big that it can be seen from outer space. Spanning an area the size of the Moroccan capital city, this stunning feat of climate finance is supplying 580 megawatts of clean energy to around 2 million people.
Imagine a solar plant the size of around 3,500 soccer fields, an area almost equivalent to that of San Francisco.
Or a giant field of around 2 million mirrors that turn sunlight into enough clean energy to supply around 6% of an entire country.
Fiction this is not. This is Morocco’s Noor Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) Plant, the largest solar complex of its kind in the world. Located in the southern city of Ouarzazate, the more-than-6,000-acre facility is a stunning display of Morocco’s renewable energy ambitions.
Noor is the first CSP site in Morocco, and its 580-megawatt output is accelerating the country’s bid for a 52% renewable energy mix by 2030. It also represents a significant development in global CSP capacity, which in 2016, stood at only 4.8 gigawatts (GW).
CSP is not your run-of-the-mill solar technology. The Noor complex uses rows of sun-tracking mirrors, called “heliostats,” that direct sunlight onto a receiver. The receiver heats up a specialized cocktail of molten salts and fluids, sometimes up to 100 degrees Celsius (around 212 degrees Fahrenheit), which then sets in motion steam-powered turbines that produce energy.
This liquid concoction gives CSP another distinct advantage: unlike most solar photovoltaic (PV) facilities, CSP provides clean energy around the clock. “What is special about this CSP is what we call the thermal energy storage systems that we can store the energy during the day and keep it until the night,” said Youssef Stitou, a project manager and engineer with MASEN, Morocco’s renewable energy ministry. “CSP is like a power plant with huge batteries.”
Stitou’s own career path shows that Noor, besides serving as a clean energy source for approximately 2 million Moroccans, is providing something equally valuable: opportunity. “I started my career in the beginning of 2011. First in the oil and gas industry, and then I switched to renewable energies,” said Stitou. “Fossil resources will not last forever.”
With a one-year-old at home, Stitou has more than just a paycheck on his mind. “Once [you become] a father, you’re not working for yourself. You start working for your family.”
CSP is also a family affair for Zineb Aghzou, a 25-year-old engineer at Noor. “My husband is also at Noor,” Aghzou said. “We almost have the same plans, the same path.” She has worked in other industries, but she knows where her future lies. "[The CSP] solar plant is the best thing that I've experienced."
Aghzou is a native of Ouarzazate, a city that sits at the doorstep of the Sahara. Its arid landscape has served as a backdrop for countless films and television shows, and as a well-trodden entry point for tourists embarking on desert excursions.
Lately, however, visitors are coming in search of an altogether new experience: Noor itself.
“We will make Noor Ouarzazate not only a site of industrial plants, but also a destination for scientific tourism,” said Mustapha Sellam, Noor’s site director. “In order to make the region more attractive, and to [have] people in the future [come] not only to see the cinema studios and the sand, but also maybe to see the Noor Ouarzazate site.”
With every visitor, it is hoped that the facility will inspire new advocates for renewable energy. “Now, with this new project, people get more and more, let’s say, informed about the importance of solar energy, about the importance of the CSP technology, the storage technology, for their daily lives,” Youssef Stitou explained.
“Morocco showed to all the other countries that it’s possible, whatever your positions in the world…to succeed.”